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Coalgate is a city in and the county seat of Coal County, Oklahoma, United States.〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=2011-06-07 )〕 The population was 1,967 at the 2010 census, a 1.9 percent decrease from 2,005 in 2000.〔(CensusViewer:Coalgate, Oklahoma Population )〕 The town was founded in 1889 in the Choctaw Nation, Indian Territory as a coal mining camp named Liddle. The name changed to Coalgate on January 23, 1890.〔Clark, Orville Verdell. ("Coalgate," ) ''Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture'', Oklahoma Historical Society. Accessed July 1, 2015.〕 ==History== Coalgate was founded in 1889 as a coal mining camp named Liddle in the Pushmataha District of the Choctaw Nation, Indian Territory. It was named for William "Bill" Liddle, a superintendent for the Atoka Coal and Mining Company, who had arrived in the fall of 1888 to locate a site for a new coal mine. The Southwestern Coal and Improvement Company, a subsidiary of the Missouri, Kansas and Texas Railway (MK&T) developed the site. A tent city sprung up, followed by company-built houses. Work on the mine started January 2, 1889, and the first shipment of coal left Liddle on April 17, 1889. The town name changed to Coalgate on January 23, 1890. The new name was taken from the steel gate or "coal gate" that separated the trains from the coal mines north of town. Coalgate incorporated under the laws of Arkansas on November 25, 1898. It was platted and approved by the Secretary of the Interior on December 16, 1903.〔 Coal County was created at statehood in 1907. Initially, Lehigh, Oklahoma was designated as county seat. However, a special election held on June 2, 1908 moved the seat to Coalgate. A new charter was approved on June 16, 1914.〔 Coalgate had grown to a population of 2,921 by statehood in 1907 and in one year the population had increased to 3,500. The city had at least 65 merchants plus carpenters, doctors, veterinarians, and as many as seven attorneys and three newspapers. The streets in the downtown area were bricked in 1912. In 1911, the weekly newspaper ''Coalgate Record Register'' was first published in Coalgate.〔http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/C/CO002.html〕 Robinson Publishing Company took over publication of the newspaper in 1988.〔("About us" ) ''Coalgate Register'' (accessed March 15, 2010)〕 It has a circulation of 2,300.〔Finder Binder: Oklahoma's Updated Media Directory, 2010 Winter Issue.〕e Coalgate was the site of the very first bank closing performed by the State of Oklahoma when the International Bank of Coalgate was closed on May 21, 1908, and Herman C. Schultz, acting as an Assistant State Bank Commissioner, liquidated the bank, paying off all depositors in full and returning the excess to the bank's shareholders.〔(Smock, Herbert H. ''Annual Report of the Bank Commissioner of the State of Oklahoma''. "International Bank of Coalgate" )〕 The city prospered until the 1920s, when the coal mines closed because of worker strikes. Since this time agriculture and manufacturing have become the leading industries. From 1921 to 1923, local cotton crops were destroyed by a boll weevil infestation, and all five banks in the county closed.〔 Coalgate's population peaked at 3,009 at the 1920 census and has never recovered.〔 Coalgate survived the Great Depression, although many of its businesses did not. After President Franklin D. Roosevelt's election, various Federal programs, such as the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), National Youth Administration (NYA), and Works Progress Administration (WPA), helped buoy the city's struggling economy. The onset of World War II brought a temporary respite to the coal industry.〔 However, these mines closed by 1958.〔Milligan, James C. ("Coal County," ) ''Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture'', Oklahoma Historical Society. Accessed July 1, 2015.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Coalgate, Oklahoma」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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